ABSTRACT
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine association between lymph node metastasis and various clinico-pathological parameters in order to predict their future prognosis of cancer patients.Study Design:Cross sectional study design.Place and Duration of Study:Ziauddin Hospital, North Nazimabad campus, Karachi.Methodology:November 2018 to September 2019.Results:The present study enrolled 140 OSCC patients visiting ZiauddinUniversity of which 30 (21.4%) were females and 110 (78.6%) were male patients. The mean age of patients was 46.99 ± 12.26. The buccal mucosa was the most common site observed 93 (66.4%). The mean size of tumour was 4.05 ± 2.261 mm, mean thickness was 1.70 ±1.32 mm. It was found that lymph node metastasis was not present in 66 (47.1%) of OSCC cases, 22 (15.7%) cases were found N1, 9(6.4%) N2a, 27(19.3%) N2b, 3 (2.1%) and 13(9.3%) N3 Significant association was found between age and lymph node metastasis: (P0.02); however, gender showed no significant association. (P0.149).Thickness of tumor, site of tumor, peri-neural invasion, lympho-vascular invasion and bone penetration showed significant association with lymph node metastasis with (P0.040, 0.021, 0.016, 0.00 and 0.001) respectively.Conclusion:Our study showed significant association of lymph node involvement with tumour staging, tumour thickness, lymphovascular involvement,perineuralinvasion and bone penetration. Our suggestion is to incorporate these clinic-pathological variables while determining the treatment and prognosis of Oral squamous cell Carcinoma(OSCC). Given the very high incidence and prevalence of Oral Cancer in our country and the region further multi-centered researches should be carried out and with larger sample sizes. Early diagnosis and restrictions on smokeless tobacco products can limit the occurrence and progression of OSCC.
ABSTRACT
McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome [MKKS] is one of rare syndromes which presents as polydactyly, hydrometrocolpos [HMC] and cardiac anomalies. This autosomal recessive disorder occurs due to mutations in MKKS gene. It is characterized predominantly by genitourinary and digit abnormalities. The diagnosis can be made on clinical findings; however, it is important to rule out Bardet-Biedl syndrome before making the definitive diagnosis. Treatment of MKKS revolves around treatment of its manifestations and complications. We hereby report a case of neonate with features of MKKS
ABSTRACT
Objective: to determine the frequency of hyperthermia in patients with ischemic stroke and compare the frequency of poor outcome in patients with and without hyperthermia along with ischemic stroke
Methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Medical Unit Ill, Postgraduate Medical Institute/Lahore General Hospital, Lahore over six months period six month from March 18, 2015 to September 17, 2015.Two hundred patients of both gender, aged 18-60 years, reaching within 24 hours of onset of symptoms and signs of ischemic stroke with Glasgow Coma scale [GCS]
Results: in this study a total of 200 cases were enrolled, of which 143 [71.5%] were male. Mean age of the patients was 43.11+/-6.97. it was noted that in 71 [35.5%] cases hyperthermia was present while in 129 [64.5%] cases hyperthermia was not present. Poor outcome in 92 [46%] of cases and was absent in 108 [54%] p-value<0.05
Conclusions: hyperthermia can result in poor outcome in ischemic stroke patients